Table of Contents
- 1 What factors are used in the cell to recognize the stop codon and disassemble the translation machinery?
- 2 Which factors are utilized by the cell to recognize the stop codon and disassemble the translation machinery quizlet?
- 3 What are the 3 steps of translation?
- 4 How is translation terminated in prokaryotes?
- 5 What are the five steps of translation?
- 6 What is the following steps in protein synthesis from first to last?
- 7 When does the termination of translation take place?
- 8 What are products of nonstructural genes never translated?
What factors are used in the cell to recognize the stop codon and disassemble the translation machinery?
Prokaryotic cells contain two release factors that recognize termination codons: RF-1 recognizes UAA or UAG, and RF-2 recognizes UAA or UGA (see Table 7.1). In eukaryotic cells a single release factor (eRF-1) recognizes all three termination codons.
Which factors are utilized by the cell to recognize the stop codon and disassemble the translation machinery quizlet?
What factors are recognized by the cell in order to recognize the stop codon and disassemble the translation machinery? cytosol. Because of the abundance of ribosomes, translation is NOT an energy costly process for the cell.
Which factors are utilized by the cell to recognize the stop codon?
Translation ends in a process called termination. Termination happens when a stop codon in the mRNA (UAA, UAG, or UGA) enters the A site. Stop codons are recognized by proteins called release factors, which fit neatly into the P site (though they aren’t tRNAs).
How do the stop codons terminate the translation process?
Most codons in messenger RNA correspond to the addition of an amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain, which may ultimately become a protein; stop codons signal the termination of this process by binding release factors, which cause the ribosomal subunits to disassociate, releasing the amino acid chain.
What are the 3 steps of translation?
Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.
How is translation terminated in prokaryotes?
Termination. Termination of translation occurs when a nonsense codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) is encountered. (a) In prokaryotes, the processes of transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm, allowing for a rapid cellular response to an environmental cue.
Where do release factors bind?
ribosome
Class 1 release factors recognize stop codons; they bind to the A site of the ribosome in a way mimicking that of tRNA, releasing the new polypeptide as it disassembles the ribosome.
Which of the following is not required for transcription?
RNA primers are not required for transcription.
What are the five steps of translation?
Translation (Protein Synthesis)
- Initiation. In this step the small subunit part of the ribosome attaches to the 5′ end of the mRNA strand.
- Elongation.
- Termination.
What is the following steps in protein synthesis from first to last?
It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. After the mRNA is processed, it carries the instructions to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. Translation occurs at the ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins.
What are the 4 steps of translation?
Translation happens in four stages: activation (make ready), initiation (start), elongation (make longer) and termination (stop). These terms describe the growth of the amino acid chain (polypeptide). Amino acids are brought to ribosomes and assembled into proteins.
What is the correct order of the stages of translation?
The correct order of stages of translation is initiation, elongation and termination.
When does the termination of translation take place?
The termination of translation occurs when a release factor recognizes the stop codon. The term N-terminus refers to the presence of what functional group at one of the ends of a polypeptide?
What are products of nonstructural genes never translated?
Use the following codons and the amino acids they encode. AUG = Start or Met; UUU, UUC = Phe; UUA, UUG = Leu; UCU, UCC = Ser; CCU, CCC = Pro; ACU, ACC = Thr; UGA = Stop. What products of nonstructural genes are never translated?
How are gene products required for each phase of CRISPR-Cas?
Click and drag to show which gene products are required for each phase of the CRISPR-Cas defense system in bacteria. If a product is required for more than one phase, drag it to each phase. Fire and Mello studied the effect of RNAs made from plasmids on gene expression in the nematode C. elegans.
Is the translation of gene a slower in eukaryotes?
Translation is slower in prokaryotes than it is in eukaryotes. Gene A, along with a promoter, has been inserted into the double-stranded DNA plasmid shown below.